FRENCH 17

ALLAIRE, BERNARD. Pelleteries, manchons et chapeaux de castor: les fourrures nord-américaines à Paris, 1500–1632. Sillery (Canada)/Paris: Septentrion/P.U.Paris-Sorbonne, 1999.

Review: BCLF 620 (2000), 1192: "Ce travail très fouillé, remarquable par bien des aspects, fait mieux comprendre l'intérêt suscité par les premiers voyages au Canada et le rôle qu'a joué la fourrure dans cet essor et ce début de colonisation."

ASCH, RONALD G. "Kriegsfinanzierung, Staatsbildung und ständische Ordnung in Westeuropa im 17. und 18. Jahrhundert." HZ 268 (1999), 635–71.

Presents an excellent review of scholarship as it examines questions of economics, development of nations and ordering of estates in a crucial period of Europe's evolution. Considers France particularly in relation to Spain and England.

BABELON, JEAN-PIERRE and CLAUDE MIGNOT, eds. François Mansart. Le génie de l'architecture. Paris: Gallimard, 1998.

Review: K. Downes, in Burlington Magazine 1170 (2000), 571–572: "The first French book on the architect, linked to an exhibition in Blois and Paris marking the quatercentenary of Mansart's birth. . . It complements but does not supersede Braham and Smith's Zwemmer monograph of 1973 (out of print) to which just tribute is paid. . . All Mansart's autograph drawings, and some others, are reproduced in colour. . . The emphasis. . . is towards what historians call 'facts' rather than analysis. However, Mignot makes very pertinent observations on Mansart's use of draughtsmen, his skill as a constructor, and his relation to French and Italian contemporaries."

BAGLEY, A., E. GRIFFIN, and A. MCLEAN, eds. The Telling Image: Explorations in the Emblem. New York: AMS Press, 1996.

Review: D. P. McKay and S. Covington in RenQ 51 (1998), 326: Emblems are the context of this interdisciplinary volume (under the ægis of the Emblem Studies Group at the U of Minnesota). Aims to "discover the linkages between linguistic signs and graphic signs and the signified"(B n.p.). Includes illustrations, indices and several essays of interest to 17th c. scholars, for example "French Emblem Books: Facilitating Interpretive Scholarship via Bibliography," by Stephen Rawles.

BAJOU, THIERRY. La Peinture à Versailles. XVIIe siècle. Paris: Réunion des Musées nationaux et Buchet-Chastel, 1998.

Review: J.-Cl. Boyer in DSS 207 (2000), 350: Organized chronologically by composition date, rather than by genre or theme, this anthology of 150 paintings preserved at the Musée national du château de Versailles provides an excellent overview of French painting of this time. "Chaque notice est très bien informée et les problèmes sont exposés avec clarté. Toute personne intéressée par le XVIIe siècle—et pas seulement les amateurs déclarés de la peinture de cette période—devrait tirer profit d'un ouvrage d'une telle richesse."

BALLON, HILARY. Louis Le Vau: Mazarin's Collège, Colbert's Revenge. Princeton: Princeton UP, 1999.

Review: K. Miller in TLS 5067 (May 12 2000), 32. Illustrates problems of purpose and identity confronting Louis XIV's first architect. Special attention is given to the Collège de Quatre Nations. M. praises Ballon's sensitivity to minutiae of architectural style as well as readiness "to relate Le Vau's buildings to their murky political and commercial context." This context includes complicity of Colbert in Le Vau's kickbacks from stonemasons and in the siphoning of funds to a cannon foundry in Normandy.

Review: K. Downes, in Burlington Magazine 1170 (2000), 571–572: This book, along with Cyril Bordier's Louis Le Vau, Architecte (1998) and its companion volume, are the first monographs devoted entirely to Le Vau. Ballon's study revolves primarily around the construction of the College and the relationships between Mazarin, Colbert, and Le Vau that ensued. "The story is complicated, and although Ballon has made full use of contemporary records, not every page is crystal-clear." Still, the work is valuable, for the episode henceforth forms part of "serious architectural literature" and the book contains "a checklist of the surviving drawings, many of which are reproduced."

BARBICHE, BERNARD. Les Institutions de la monarchie française à l'époque moderne. Paris: PUF, 1999.

Review: BCLF 613 (1999), 2206: "Le propos est annoncé dans l'introduction: 'Traiter avant tout du pouvoir royal et de son exercice', et faire une place à des questions habituellement peu développées dans ce genre d'ouvrage, par exemple la structure des départements ministériels et la diplomatique des actes royaux. Le plan est très simple: le roi, le gouvernement, l'administration royale." On apprécie l'érudition et la description des institutions sans être toujours d'accord avec les jugements de l'auteur.

BARRIELLE, JEAN-FRANÇOIS et al. Les styles français: Guide historique. Paris: Flammarion, 1998.

Review: J. Hedley in Burlington Magazine 1166 (2000), 317–318: "The publisher's aim is to present a clear formal overview, in the manner of a guidebook, to the major works and styles in architecture, furniture, and the decorative arts in France from the renaissance to art deco. . . Well-illustrated, the book is clearly organised into eleven chronological chapters."

BAUMGARTNER, EMMANUELE, ADELIN FIORATO et AUGUSTIN REDONDO, éds. Problèmes interculturels en Europe, XVe–XVIIe siècles: Moeurs, manières, comportements, gestuelle, codes et modèles. Paris: Presses de la Sorbonne nouvelle, 1998.

Review: BCLF 622 (2000), 1644–45: "Ce colloque, très distrayant parce qu'illustré d'abondants cas concrets, discerne dans toutes les élites européennes des normes assez semblables de sociabilité, et partout le poids des règles qui assurent cette homogénéité; mais la montée des rivalités, la multiplicité des voyages, rendent sensibles aux incongruités, menues ou décisives, des coutumes des autres. La définition des identités passe donc par un ensemble de signes très extérieurs qui s'échangent prudemment: entre des matrices communes et le désir d'affirmation identitaire, le comportement est une perpétuelle négociation."

BECHERER, AGNES. Das Bild Heinrichs IV (Henri Quatre) in der französischen Versepik (1593–1613). Tübingen: Narr, 1996.

Review: J. Leeker in Archiv 236 (1999), 227–229: Based on twelve epic texts of less well-known authors, the volume is praise worthy for its clarity, historical perspective, and contribution to literary criticism of French literature of the early 17th century. Includes a historical overview, a consideration of the epic as genre and analysis of the texts organized by theme: Henri IV as ruler, his military initiatives and representative of national unity.

BELLOMO, MANLIO. The Common Legal Past of Europe, 1000–1800. Trans.Lydia G. Cochrane. Washington, D. C. : Catholic U of America P, 1995.

Review: M. C. Howell in RenQ 51 (1998), 271–272: Volume impresses by its "orderly narrative," "clear exposition," and "skill with which the arsenal of legal scholarship was assembled" (272). Useful both for the student/non-specialist as a handbook and for the specialist as a provocative argument concerning shared legal culture (B. "intends to correct common misunderstandings about the ius commune's place in legal history" (272)).

BENBASSA, ESTHER. The Jews of France: A history from antiquity to the present. Trans.M. B. DeBovoise. Princeton: Princeton UP.

Review: V. Caron in TLS 5057 (Mar 3 2000), 9–10: An "excellent overview from ancient times to the present" and "a fresh interpretation of French-Jewish history." Author stresses that French Jewry consisted of "diverse and frequently antagonistic groupings." In discussing the revival of Jewish life from the sixteenth century to the Revolution, Benbassa emphasizes regional diversity and "the enduring split between north and south."

BENNETT, JUDITH M. AND AMY M. FROIDE, ed. Single Women in the European Past, 1250–1800. Philadelphia: U of Penn P, 1999.

Review: R. Marse in JES 30 (2000), 110–11: Authors give overview of "changing circumstances of women in France, Germany, Italy and England." Work is of "consistently high standard." The achievements of this book are "both important and encouraging."

BERTIERE, SIMONE. Les reines de France au temps des Bourbons, t. II: Les Femmes du Roi-Soleil. Paris: Editions de Fallois, 1998.

Review: I. Cloulas in DSS 207 (2000), 344: A study of the many women who were part of the king's circle, including his wife, mother, various mistresses, and his sister-in-law, Madame Palatine. The author investigates how Louis XIV treated these women and assesses to what extent he could have acted otherwise, given the socio-political context. According to the reviewer, the book presents Woman as "une victime privilégiée sous le Roi-Soleil." Study includes a chronology, genealogical tables, a bibliography, index, and illustrations.

BLACK, JEREMY. The Cambridge Illustrated Atlas of Warfare: Renaissance to Revolution: 1492–1792. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge UP, 1996.

Review: P. Burnette in RenQ 51 (1998), 205–206: Judged an "excellent reference work" of world wide scope which concentrates on Europe, the volume has over 100 maps and battle plans, mostly in color. Parts one and two, focusing on world military power and including a section on the Franco-Hapsburg Wars, will be of particular interest to students /scholars of Early Modern France. Praised as "an excellent example of what the genre can accomplish."

BLACK, JEREMY. From Louis XIV to Napoleon: The Fate of a Great Power. London: UCL Press, 1999.

Review: C. Todd in JES 29 (1999), 444–45: Black explores major trends in French diplomacy between 1661 and 1815 and asks why France, rather than England, did not come to dominate the European and world stage. Uses archival material to argue powerfully that "French foreign policy was often subject to change and more often than not dictated by opportunism and personality and the vagaries of unreliable alliances." Book is "useful in reminding us that individual nations do not elaborate foreign policy in a void."

BURKE, PETER. Varieties of Cultural History. Ithaca: Cornell UP, 1997.

Review: J. S. Grubb in RenQ 52 (1999), 221–23: Judged an "excellent teaching text," especially for first-year graduate students. Burke does not "'define' the indefinite or undefinable," but instead includes four theoretical chapters which demonstrate the application of various approaches.

BURY, EMMANUEL. "L'amitié savante, ferment de la République des Lettres." DSS 205 (1999), 729–748.

Tracing its origins to Antiquity, Bury demonstrates that amitié savante was at once a social practice determining real exchanges of knowledge and a concept informing representations of the community of thinkers in the 17th century.

CABANNE, PIERRE. L'Art classique et le baroque. 2e éd. Paris: Larousse, 1999.

Review: BCLF 618 (2000), 608–09: Cette "étude de deux grandes tendances artistiques, le classique et le baroque" s'enrichit de nombreuses illustrations et "d'un index des peintres, sculpteurs et architectes cités et de leurs oeuvres reproduites et légendées, d'une chronologie qui situe de 1545 à 1800 les événements politiques, culturels et scientifiques par rapport aux productions artistiques, et d'une bibliographie thématique: art classique, art baroque et rococo, et art au XVIIIe siècle."

CAMERON, KEITH and ELIZABETH WOODROUGH, eds. Ethics and Politics in Seventeenth-Century France: Essays in Honour of Derek A. Watts. University of Exeter Press, 1996.

Review: D.J. Culpin in FS 53.3 (1999), 327: This coherent and thought-provoking collection of essays deals with the evolving concept of political power in seventeenth-century France, particularly as this evolution hinges on the decisive events of the mid-century Fronde. Contributions are grouped in two sections: the first examines theoretical and historical issues, and the second deals with aspects of these first issues as represented on the seventeenth-century stage.

Censure et clandestinité aux XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles. La Lettre clandestine, no 6, 1997. Presses universitaires de Paris-Sorbonne, 1998.

Review: B. Chédozeau in IL 51.3 (1999), 63: Volume looks at the question of censorship from the standpoint of legislative and institutional practice. Also includes police archives, as well as a discussion of clandestine copying and reading.

CHARBONNEAU, FREDERIC. "Amitiés bachiques." DSS 205 (1999), 749–763.

Author develops the classical metaphor likening friendship's effects to those of wine. C. argues that during the latter part of the century, as their position in society became more marginal, members of old nobility celebrated an epicurean notion of friendship untainted by power and civic duty.

CHARRAK, A. Musique et philosophie à l'âge classique. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 1998.

Review: P. Dumont in RMM no.1 (janvier-mars 2000), 120–121: In the words of the reviewer, "Sans apporter de vues nouvelles, cet ouvrage a l'utilité de donner une synthèse des nombreux ouvrages parus récemment sur les théories musicales des XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles. Une première partie décrit comment les théoriciens abandonnent 《 les spéculations arithmétiques 》 issues de la tradition pythagoricienne pour ne plus voir dans le calcul des intervalles que le moyen de rendre compte du plaisir causé par les accords consonants. Ramenant les sons à une variation mesurable (Descartes) et les accords au phénomène physique de la vibration (Beeckman, Mersenne), les classiques constituent la musique comme un objet de science indépendant. La mise en place de ce système moderne de l'harmonie tonale par les mathématiques et la physique nouvelles sera bientôt perfectionnée par la création de l'acoustique lors de la découverte des 《 harmoniques naturelles 》 par Sauveur." Attention is devoted to operas by Lully as instruments to give pleasure and excite the passions. While d'Alembert will see the judgment of the listener as primordial to the success of Classical opera, Rousseau remarks the preponderance and significance of spoken, unsung language in eighteenth-century productions.

CIFANI, ARABELLA and FRANCO MONETTI. "The Dating of Amedeo Dal Pozzo's Paintings by Poussin, Pietro da Cortona and Romanelli." Burlington Magazine 1170 (2000), 561–564.

Clarifies the dates (c. 1632–1633) and circumstances under which Dal Pozzo commissioned the following: The Gathering of Manna by da Cortona, The Construction of the Tabernacle by Romanelli, and Poussin's Adoration of the Golden Calf and Crossing of the Red Sea.

CLARKE, JAN. "Female Cross-Dressing on the Paris Stage, 1673–1715." FMLS 35 (1999), 238–50.

Picks up where Georges Forestier's study of identity and disguise in the French theatre stops (Esthétique de l'identité dans le théâtre français (1550–1680): le déguisement et ses avatars. Genève, 1988). Clarke focuses on disguise which creates sexual innuendo. Very useful tables of plays considered, with author, title and date as well as types of disguises. Clarke reminds that "in 1688 and 1690, the French and Italian actors were instructed to remove all double entendres . . . under threat of dismissal" (248). Rich in insights into social and theatrical mores of the period, excellent notes and bibliography.

CLEARY, RICHARD L. The Place Royale and Urban Design in the Ancien Regime. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1999.

Review: T.J. McCormick in Choice 37. 5 (2000), 920: Discusses the city square in honor of Louis XIV or XV. Covers important places in twenty-five cities throughout France and one in Québec. Cleary "provides an excellent historical introduction and chapters on the personalities involved, the role of designers and project managers, the program and design conventions for sculptural and architectural settings, the fitting of the Place into the fabric of the city and overall symbolism."

Cleveland Studies on the History of Art, IV, Featuring Nicolas Poussin's "Holy Family on the Steps." Cleveland: Museum of Art, 1999.

Review: C. Dempsey in Burlington Magazine 1166 (2000), 311–313: "Captioned illustrations of the exhibits are followed by substantial essays by De Grazia, Elizabeth Cooper, Richard Verdi, Carol Sawyer, and Marcia Steele." Dempsey declares that together, the exhibition and catalogue advance Poussin studies by settling some questions of attribution and by elucidating Poussin's iconography and "artistic conception and performance."

COMBESCOT, PIERRE. Les Petites Mazarines. Paris: Grasset, 1999.

Review: BCLF 618 (2000), 461–62: Ce livre consacré aux nièces de Mazarin "n'a rien d'un travail d'érudit, d'une présentation de résultats de recherches. Simplement, en se fondant sur les travaux antérieurs, il a voulu suivre les destins de ces attachantes et curieuses personnes au sein de la société de leur temps." Pas de bibliographie, mais un tableau généalogique.

CONKLIN, ALICE. "Boundaries Unbound: Teaching French History as Colonial History and Colonial History as French History." FHS 23 (2000), 215–238.

Within the context of teaching modern French history, briefly addresses the early modern period, reign of Louis XIV.

CONSTANT, JEAN-MARIE. "L'amitié: le moteur de la mobilisation politique dans la noblesse de la première moitié du XVIIe siècle." DSS 205 (1999), 593–608.

Constant contends that friendship, distinct from other forms of affiliation, constituted a means of uniting noblemen suspicious of formal institutions of power. Based on period memoirs, this article reveals how friendship and politics collaborated in struggles against Richelieu and Mazarin.

CORNETTE, JOEL. Chronique du règne de Louis XIV. Paris: SEDES, 1997.

Review: G. Poumarède in DSS 207 (2000), 343–344: A detailed study of the period from 1653 through the establishment of the Regency. Author organizes the book chronologically, each chapter representing one year of the reign, and presents "un récapitulatif chronologique des principaux événements survenus, des 'gros plans thématiques' qui éclairent ou approfondissent faits, personnages ou débats historiques, un encadré présentant les principales œuvres crées ou publiées dans l'année." Ample space is devoted to all aspects of the court at Versailles, and the author examines as well broader issues such as demographics and the commercial and economic backdrop against which events played out. The reviewer praises the author's skillful weaving of period sources and recent critical studies.

CORVISIER, ANDRE. La bataille de Malplaquet, 1709. L'effondrement de la France évité. Paris: Economica, 1997.

Review: R. Abad in DSS 207 (2000), 349–350: Devoted to the decisive battle in the War of Spanish Succession, this book traces all phases of the battle and provides new perspective on long-contentious questions about the military decisions made. Corvisier reexamines the choices and obstacles confronting Villars and his replacement Boufflers. The author elicits data from the copious documentation produced following the battle, which "déçut les deux camps et donna lieu à des enquêtes de part et d'autre."

COURTEQUISSE, BRUNO. La Galerie des glaces de Louis XIV à nos jours. Paris: Perrin, 1999.

Review: BCLF 611–612 (1999), 1958–59: "Le sujet a été bien mal traité. Sans doute l'auteur aurait-il dû se limiter à étudier de façon approfondie les thèmes iconographiques de la galerie des Glaces. Le livre eût été autrement intéressant."

CROWSTON, CLARE. "Engendering the Guilds: Seamstresses, Tailors, and the Clash of Corporate Identities in Old Regime France." FHS 23 (2000), 339–371.

Describes two models for garment-making guilds from 1675 to 1776: the tailors', family-based and male-controlled, and the seamstresses', exclusively female and independent of family ties. Demonstrates how these models reveal the role of gender in social organization.

CUIGNET, JEAN-CLAUDE. L'Itinéraire d'Henri IV. Les 20 597 jours de sa vie. Bizanos: Editions Héraclès, 1997.

Review: J.-L. Bourgeon in DSS 205 (1999), 775: This new Itinéraire expands and corrects Joseph Guadet's edition published in 1876. An important reference work, this text includes an index of geographical names, appendices, and a preface by Jean-Pierre Barbiche, biographer of Henri IV.

DAVIES, NORMAN. Europe. A History. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1996.

Review: H. Schulze in HZ 265 (1997), 414–416: Encyclopedic treatment (1365 pages) from origins to our day (1989/1990). Includes entries on themes, persons, places, events, ideas. Welcome despite lack of any groundbreaking new production.

Dingli, Laurent. Colbert, marquis de Seignelay. Le fils flamboyant. Paris: Perrin, 1997.

Review: M. Acerra in DSS 207 (2000), 346–347: A biography of the son of Jean-Baptiste Colbert. The book explores the ten years during which the marquis shared responsibility for the navy with his father and his brief solo career following the death of the elder Colbert. Dingli also focuses on Seignelay's anti-Huguenot activities. According to the reviewer, Dingli sometimes overstates the achievements of Seignelay in an effort to distinguish the son from his imposing father. "Ecrit avec une certaine aisance, le présent ouvrage fait pénétrer dans l'univers professionnel et privé d'un grand exécutant de la politique royale en posant le délicat problème de son influence réelle dans les prises de décision d'un souverain autoritaire."

DUNLOP, IAN. Louis XIV. London: Chatto and Windus, 1999.

Review: R. Mettau in TLS 5083 (Sept 1 2000), 26: Reviewer acknowledges "An accessible introduction," "over fifty well-chosen plates" and "a vivid account" which will entertain the general reader. Reviewer finds, however, that other writers have given equally good accounts. The lack of footnotes disguises the extent of borrowing from other historians.

DURO, PAUL. The Academy and the Limits of Painting in Seventeenth-Century France. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997.

Review: B. Iarocci in SCN 57 (1999), 276–277: "This conceptually rich and provocative new study of the Academy . . . demonstrates the institution's dependence on discourse for asserting its status through intellectual supremacy, but at the price of removing itself from practice." Corpus includes "actual speech acts and published writings" and history painting, "text-laden images whose primary purpose was to be 'read' efficiently as narratives." Beyond a mere presentation of the Academy as a site of power, the book examines "the complex interplay between institution, its discourse, and its production, and, adopting a Derridean perspective, shows "how the Academy actually placed limits on its own authority."

FARAGO, CLAIRE, ed. Reframing the Renaissance: Visual Culture in Europe and Latin America 1450–1650. New Haven: Yale UP, 1995.

Review: P. G. Platt in RenQ 51 (1998), 645–647: This ambitious treatment of the art of the Renaissance and the contribution of other cultures to it, draws on Homi Bhabha's theories of the cultural hybrid" as it challenges traditional assumptions (646). With four sections (on new paradigms, Renaissance theories of the image, collecting practices, and intercultural perspectives) and an epilogue by W. J. T. Mitchell, the volume "succeeds best when it makes us wary of all frames"(647).

FERRETTI, GIULIANO, ed. Philippe Fortin de La Hoguette, Lettres aux frères Dupuy et à leur entourage (1623–1662). Florence: Leo S. Olschki, 1997.

Review: Y. Durand in DSS 206 (2000), 147–151: "La correspondance de Fortin de La Hoguette est l'indispensable complément de ses œuvres morales et politiques, couvrant une période de près de quarante ans, constituant par là même l'un des éléments de l'académie des frères Dupuy. Giuliano Ferretti a le grand mérite de mettre à notre disposition cette édition enrichie de réflexions qui obligent à reconsidérer les rapports politiques au sein de la République des Lettres, au cœur du Grand Siècle."

FINLEY-CROSWHITE, S. ANNETTE. Henry IV and the Towns: the Pursuit of Legitimacy in French Urban Society, 1589–1610. Cambridge UP, 1999.

Review: D.C. Baxter in Choice 37.8 (2000), 1538: Argues that "Henry IV had no systematic plan as an absolute ruler to limit the power of municipalities." A "crafted work [that] is a model of modern scholarship," this study "finds the secret of royal success in Henry's emphasis on his legitimacy, both as rightful monarch and as effective ruler, and his manipulation of clientage systems to place his supporters in control of city government."

FORSTER, ROBERT. "France in America." FHS 23 (2000), 239–258.

Proposes a college course on the comparative history of New France (Canada) and the French West Indies (Antilles). Focuses primarily on the years 1608–1763 for the former and 1697–1804 for the latter.

GENAUX-VONACH, MARYVONNE. "Le procès de la corruption: l'image des juges dans les factums du Grand Siècle" in L'autre au XVIIe siècle. Ed. Ralph Heyndels and Barbara Woshinsky. Tübingen: Biblio 17, 117 (1999) 133–144.

Study of various cases of corruption of the judiciary during the Grand Siècle, as they appear in factums (printed accounts of the facts pertaining to a trial and given to the judges.)

GIBSON, WENDY. A Tragic Farce: The Fronde (1648–53). Exeter: Elm Bank, 1998.

Review: D. Shaw in MLR 95. 2 (2000), 507–08: "After the wise precaution of an opening chapter describing the events leading up to the Fronde, there are five central chapters, each corresponding to a single year, followed by an analysis of the significance of the period and a collection of contemporary reflections." Reviewer cites emphasis on narrative rather than analysis in the first part of the study and thinks that the memoir extracts should have been more clearly linked. However, S. finds this work "a useful contribution" to the field.

GIFFORD, PROSSER and MARIE-HELENE TESNIERE, eds. Creating French Culture: Treasures from the Bibliothèque Nationale de France. New Haven and London: Yale UP, 1995.

Review: E. P. Bakemeier in RenQ 51 (1998), 986–987: Judged "a grand and glorious work, . . . a fitting tribute to a superior cultural . . . institution and its history" (987). The catalogue for the Fall 1995 exhibition for thECreation of the new BNF is organized chronologically into 4 sections, from Charlemagne's reign to the present. Essays (thematic and historical) complement the entries themselves. Introduction by former administrateur général of the BN, Emmanuel Le Roy Ladurie. Reviewer would have expected closer attention to details, noting the omission of Charles V from the chronological table. Several essays by eminent American scholars including Orest Ranum.

GOLHANY, AMY, ed. The Eye of the Poet: Studies in the Reciprocity of the Visual and Literary Arts from the Renaissance to the Present. Lewisburg: Bucknell UP, 1996.

Review: L. C. Agoston in RenQ 51 (1998), 647–649: Expanded from a 1991 College Art Association Conference, the volume focuses on the "ut pictura poesis" topos and is organized chronologically. Collection of uneven essays yet, as a whole, the volume succeeds in illustrating the "many-layered relationship between the verbal and the visual"(649).

GOODE, WILLIAM O. "Moving West: Three French Queens and the Urban History of Paris." FR 73. 6 (2000), 1116–29.

Traces today's economic and social inequality between eastern and western Paris to the urban ventures of Catherine de Médici, Marguerite de Valois, and Marie de Médici. Goode shows how these queens initiated projects that produced a westward movement of wealth in the city.

HAASE-DUBOSC, DANIELLE. Ravie et enlevée: de l'enlèvement des femmes comme stratégie matrimoniale au XVIIe siècle. Paris: Albin Michel, 1999.

Review: C. Dauphin in QL 778 (du 1er au 15 fév. 2000), 24: "Danielle Haase-Dubosc a pris le parti [...] d'aborder l'histoire de l'enlèvement comme un phénomène social, de jouer sur le double registre de l'imaginaire, particulièrement foisonnant dans la création artistique de ce siècle, et de la réalité, évoquée et recomposée à partir de traces laissées dans les archives. [...] Il faut souligner que la lecture de ce travail imaginatif et fort documenté est agrémentée d'un double cahier d'illustrations, en noir et en couleur, d'un choix de documents, d'une imposante bibliographie et d'un index des noms."

HAROCHE-BOUZINAC, GENEVIEVE. "La lettre féminine dans les secrétaires." DSS 208 (2000), 465–484.

A comprehensive study of numerous secrétaires (letter-writing manuals). Although these manuals offer few examples of letters written by women (with some notable exceptions), they celebrate "le rêve masculin du naturel, et de la spontaníté, d'une enfance de l'art épistolaire." Haroche-Bouzinac categorizes by type the limited corpus of such letters and describes their organization within manuals.

HART, CLIVE and KAY GILLILAND STEVENSON. Heaven and the Flesh: Imagery of Desire from the Renaissance to the Rococo. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge UP, 1995.

Review: A. R. Turner in RenQ 51 (1998), 649–650: T. gives the volume "two thumbs up" as he praises it for its "fresh look at both important works and little known works of art and literature," its insistence on "interpretations rooted in the intellectual protocols of the time" of the works themselves, and its "careful and clear" analyses (650). Seventeenth century French specialists will appreciate the contributions on French painting.

HELLER, HENRY. Labour, Science and Technology in France, 1500–1620. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge UP, 1996.

Review: P. O. Long in RenQ 51 (1998), 233–234: Judged "most welcome" both for its "erudite discussion of certain aspects of French history" and its "bold new interpretive framework," the volume stresses "class conflict, changes in the structure of labor, and the on-going advancement of the bourgeois class" rather than the "longue durée" of the Annales group of historians. Reviewer suggests that study would have been enriched by "closer attention to . . . contexts of authorship, patronage, and readership" (234).

HILLMAN, DAVID and CARLA MAZZIO, eds. The Body in Parts: Fantasies of Corporeality in Early Modern Europe. New York: Routledge, 1997.

Review: D. P. McKay et al. in RenQ 51 (1998), 728–729: Essays on parts of the body answer the question, "Why did sixteenth and seventeenth century medical, religious and literary texts so often imagine the body in parts?" (728). Reflections and analyses on the "symbolics of physiological parts challenge assumptions about the whole body as a fundamental image of self, society, and nation"(728). Index.

JACQUES-LEFÈVRE, NICOLE. "Entre rationalité juridique et fiction: le sorcier 'sujet de droit'". Littératures Classiques 40, 2000, 327–345.

Study of the ways the existence of the sorcier and his relationship to the devil are thought, following a theologico-legal model, and, within the framework of legal rationality, as "une véritable œuvre de fiction."

JARRARD, ALICE GRIER. "Representing Royal Spectacle in Paris, 1660–1662." ECr 39 (1999), 26–37.

Focusing on public demonstrations and festivities organized by the regime, Jarrard's study analyses "rhetorical manipulation" both in text and image (illusions, for example in prints, 29). Includes three etchings by Israël Silvestre from Charles Perrault's Festiva ad capita annulumque decursio. . . (Paris, 1670).

JOUSSELIN, RAYMOND. Au Couvert du Roi, XVIIe–XVIIIe siècles. Paris: Christian, 1998.

Review: BCLF 608 (1999), 1174–75: "L'auteur, avocat au Conseil d'Etat et à la Cour de cassation pendant plus de trente ans, est bien qualifié pour exposer les rouages subtils qui entouraient le quotidien du 'roi-machine', souvent d'une complexité qui semble avoir été inventée pour décourager toute tentative de synthèse simple et intelligible. L'étude présente y parvient pourtant, sans concessions ni amputations, tout en gardant une certaine saveur dans les parties narratives."

JUTTE, ROBERT. Poverty and Deviance in Early Modern Europe. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge UP, 1994.

Review: C. B. Menning in RenQ 51 (1998), 207–208: Mixed review appreciates the "well-conceived economic context" and the "ambitious sweep of chronology and themes" but finds "unfortunate shortcomings" as well. While discussions on hospitals, material life and the impact of the Council of Trent are well developed, other aspects are obscure or less than totally accurate.

KELLY, VAN. "The Play of Utopia and Dystopia: Mindscape and Lanscape in Descartes and Poussin." EMF: Studies in Early Modern France 4 (1998), 125–164.

Shedding new light on the comparison between Descartes's work and Poussin's Phocion paintings, the author locates a quality of "eurythmie" in philosophical writing and historical painting. This quality is based on harmonies sought in the thought process and the composition of the image. However, Descartes and Poussin differ in their approaches to the past: while the philosopher dismisses it as a source of conceptual imperfections, the painter prefers to locate in the past a well-spring of cautionary tales.

KUGLER, ELIZABETH. "Spectacular Sights: The Promenades of Seventeenth-Century Paris." ECr 39 (1999), 38–46.

Investigates "looking" and "seeing" in 17th c. Paris "as the city and the society became increasingly commited to and defined by spectacular displays. Kugler draws on a variety of sources as she develops her subject: Corneille, voyage literature, La Bruyère, Mlle de Montpensier, historians such as Henri Sauval, artists such as Matthaeus Merian and Sorel.

KURITA, HIDENORI, HIDENOBU KUJIRAI and KIYOSHI EJIRI. Poussin and Raphael. Exhibition Realized by the Special Cooperation of Bibliothèque Nationale de France. Aichi Prefectural Museum of Art / The Chunichi Shimbun, 1999.

Review: D.F. Maccullum in Burlington Magazine 1166 (2000), 318: Catalog with commentary of an exhibition held at the Aichi Prefectural Museum of Art in Nagoya. Contains prints and reference illustrations by a variety of artists, as well as essays, artist biographies, a Japanese glossary of technical terms, and an extensive bilingual bibliography.

LAGARDE, FRANÇOIS. "Le désir et la peur: la réaction néoclassique au tournant du siècle" in L'autre au XVIIe siècle. Ed. Ralph Heyndels and Barbara Woshinsky. Tübingen: Biblio 17, 117 (1999) 255–264.

Study of the "fin de siècle" neo-classical reaction which follows France's defeat in 1871. The néoclassiques are mainly journalists, politicians, professors and writers who proclaim their admiration for the "miracle" of the first part of Louis XIV's reign, and for the values of measure, discipline, order, balance and reason. This reaction is seen as desire (for unity, identity, mastery, totality) and fear (of fragmentation, otherness, foreignness, loss of self and nation).

LARCADE, VERONIQUE. "Vies parallèles de Maximilien de Béthune, duc de Sully, et de Jean-Louis Nogaret de la Valette, duc d'Epernon, ou réussir en politique à l'aube du XVIIe siècle." DSS 204 (1999), 419–448.

An account of the political fortunes of Epernon and Sully that considers their position as "favori-ministre" with respect to evolving royal power and nascent state centralization.

LAVERGNEE, ARNAULD BREJON DE. "Eustache Le Sueur." Burlington Magazine 1169 (2000), 521–523.

A review of the 2000 Le Sueur exhibition at the Musée des Beaux-Arts, Grenoble, which included 48 paintings and 52 drawings. "Although there were very obvious lacunae, the organisers, Serge Lemoine and Alain Mérot, nonetheless managed to put together a magnificent overview of this major figure of French classicism and contemporary of Poussin. . . The abiding concern. . . was to represent as well as possible the major stages in the artist's career." Strong points: the presentation of Le Sueur's drawings, certain aspects of the installation, and the general quality of the catalog. Criticisms: other aspects of the installation (paintings hung at the wrong height) and the aforementioned gaps in certain stages of the artist's work.

LAZZARINO DEL GROSSO, MARIA, ed. Politica e morale nella Francia dell'età moderna. Genoa: Name, 1998.

Review: M. Heath in MLR 94. 4 (1999), 1102–03: "Three of the articles explore the rise of a theory of individualism, of the uomo dissociato, in conflict with both Aristotle and Machiavelli's social theories; this begins with Montaigne but can be traced in France throughout the seventeenth century."

LEGOHEREL, HENRI. Histoire de la marine française. Paris: PUF, 1999.

Review: BCLF 611–612 (1999), 1944: Histoire de la marine de guerre divisée en quatre grandes périodes. "Du XVI au XVIIIe siècle, il voit une accélération de l'histoire et une mondialisation de l'espace: c'est l'époque de la marine royale qui connaît des hauts avec Richelieu et Colbert et des bas avec Louvois, par exemple."

LELIEVRE, CLAUDE. Les Rois de France. Enfants chéris de la République. Paris: Bartillat, 1999.

Review: G. Vigarello in Esprit (mai 2000), 234–35: ". . .enquête minutieuse sur les figures royales 'enseignées' par les premiers manuels de l'école publique. . ." Selon Vigarello: "La réflexion historique de Claude Lelièvre devient alors une introduction magistrale à l'une des réalités de la Ve République, celle que Maurice Duverger dessinait dans un titre prémonitoire: 'La monarchie républicaine ou comment les démocraties se donnent un roi'."

LEMERLE, FREDERIQUE. "Une querelle des Anciens et des Modernes en architecture: Fréart de Chambray". TraLit 12 (1999), 37–47.

The most original aspect of Fréart's doctrine is the affirmation of Greek superiority (47). Lemerle's essay focuses on Fréart's 1650 text Parallèle de l'architecture antique avec la moderne. Compares Fréart's work in architecture with Malherbe in literature: Fréart presents merits of theoreticians and criticizes the architecture of his own period (39). Architectural Illustrations.

LESTRINGANT, FRANK. Cannibals: The Discovery and Representation of the Cannibal from Columbus to Jules Verne. Trans.Rosemary Morris. Berkeley and Los Angeles: U of California P, 1997.

Review: J.E. Kicza in RenQ 51 (1998), 1362–63: Focusing on "notable French writers and the artist Géricault," L. stresses "how these authors understood and presented cannibalism, particularly how they associated it with other themes common to European cultural history" (1362). Praising L.'s study as "interesting and informative . . . thoughtful [and] incisive" (1362–63), K. calls for parallel studies in the areas of other European cultures.

LESTRINGANT, FRANK, éd. La France-Amérique (XVe–XVIIIe). Actes du XXXVe Colloque international d'études humanistes. Paris: Champion, 1998.

Review: D. P. McKay et al. in RenQ 51 (1998), 1077–78: Important and diverse volume of essays treating France's response (literary, philosophical, scientific, religious, and artistic) to the "knowledge and conquest of the New World" (1077). Complete list of authors and essays. Wide variety of topics includes cartography, economy and Christianization of slaves, among others.

LIMON, MARIE-FRANÇOISE. Traitants et fraudes dans le recouvrement de l'impôt. Affaires réglées par Claude Le Peletier, contrôleur général des finances (1683–1689). Paris: Travaux et recherches Panthéon-Assas-Paris II, LGDJ, 1995.

Review: O. Chaline in DSS 207 (2000), 347–348: This monograph aims to illuminate "des fraudes sur les restes de taille et des affaires extraordinaires dans la généralité de Montauban du temps de Colbert." "L'exposition est très claire: on découvre d'abord les protagonistes et les faits qui leur sont reprochés, puis on suivra l'enquête . . . avant d'envisager le dénouement." The reviewer points out that the study would have benefitted from better consideration and integration of some key critical sources.

LOBGEOIS, PASCAL. Versailles: les Grandes Eaux. Photogr.Jacques de Givry;Préf. DeMichel Tournier;Postf. deJean-Louis Lebigre. Les Loges-en-Josas: Jacques de Givry, 2000.

Review: BCLF 622 (2000), 1542: "Ce livre est essentiel pour la connaissance de Versailles et de tous les arts en rapport avec l'architecture du Grand Siècle en général." Illustration de deux thèmes: "la bataille de l'eau et les fontaines en fête."

MAJOR, JAMES RUSSELL. From Renaissance Monarchy to Absolute Monarchy. French Kings, Nobles and Estates. Baltimore/London: The Johns Hopkins UP, 1994.

Review: I. Mieck in HZ 265 (1997), 205–206: this "synthesis of the forty-five years I have devoted to studying the history of France" (Major, ix), treats social problems such as poverty, relationship between nobles and the monarchy, policy, and so forth. Bibliography and fine indices.

MARTIN, HENRI-JEAN. The French Book: Religion, Absolutism, and Readership, 1585–1715. Trans.Paul andNadine Saenger. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins UP, 1996.

Review: F. J. Baumgartner in RenQ 51 (1998), 644–645: This series of lectures at Johns Hopkins U in 1993 by "the expert on early modern French printing" is "nicely translated"(644–645). Martin describes an early modern print shop, examines responses by both Church and French monarchy to printing, and treats the reading public (including successes of Protestant and Jansenist books, despite policies of control). Illustrations, no bibliography.

MECHOULAN, ERIC. "Le métier d'ami." DSS 205 (1999), 633–656.

The works of Pierre Charron, Saint François de Sales, La Rochefoucauld, Malebranche, and Spinoza form the basis of this study of the "constitutive" paradoxes of amitié, in light of changing relations between the individual and the state and new forms of sociability.

MEGRET-LACAN, MARIE-CHRISTINE. "Naissance de l'art équestre." DSS 204 (1999), 523–548.

Antoine Pluvinel's L'Instruction du Roy en l'exercice de monter à cheval (1623) stages an elegant dialogue between the king and Pluvinel covering all aspects of riding.The author's detailed semantic analysis reveals how dominant cultural and esthetic codes combine to create art équestre, as distinct from mere equestrianism.

MELZER, SARA E. and KATHRYN NORBERG. From the Royal to the Republican Body: Incorporating the Political in Seventeenth- and Eighteenth-Century France. Berkeley-London: University of California Press, 1998.

Review: N. Segal in FS 54.3 (2000), 366–7: This book begins with the following statement: "the rhetoric, rites and rhythm of political life derived from bodies." Subjects include, for example, the rhetoric of sodomy of the "Mazarinades"; the confusion of motives in the dress-codes of post-1789 France; the function of music and dance under Louis XIV; and the effect of law as performance on the bodies of servants and slaves. A "fascinating collection."

Review: E. Minel in RHL 100 (2000), 154–55: Volume contains ten papers given during the conference "Constructing the Body," held in Los Angeles in 1993. Analyzes the political, symbolic, and sociological images of the body. Among the topics explored are the monarchy, colonialism, and the arts.

MENTZER, RAYMOND A., JR. Blood&Belief. Family Survival and Confessional Identity among the Provincial Huguenot Nobility. West Lafayette, Ind.: Purdue UP, 1994.

Review: I. Mieck in HZ 265 (1997), 488–89: Creates a four-hundred year history of the Laeger family from impressive consultation of archives. Well-documented and important for questions of social history, marriage, confessional identity in Early Modern France. Indices.

MERLIN, HELENE. "L'amitié entre le même et l'autre ou quand l'hétérogène devient principe constitutif de société." DSS 205 (1999), 657–678.

Merlin contrasts, on the one hand, an idealized version of amitié that tolerates no difference and, on the other hand, the demands of a civil order that "exige de mobiliser une définition 'composée' de l'être humain—une définition qui tolère l'ennemi en soi-même afin de ne pas le projeter dans les autres."

MEROT, ALAIN, and HUMPHREY WINE. " 'Alexander and His Doctor:' A Rediscovered Masterpiece by Eustache Le Sueur." Burlington Magazine 1166 (2000), 292–296.

Recounts the history of this work, cited among Le Sueur's most famous, and celebrates that it can now be seen at London's National Gallery.

MINARD, PHILIPPE. La Fortune du colbertisme. État et industrie dans la France des Lumières. Paris: Fayard, 1998.

Review: J. Cornette in RdS 121.1/2 (2000), 166–9: "Minard nous propose une 'histoire concrète des idées.' Cette histoire prête attention avant tout aux acteurs économiques; elle s'attache à l'étude des conditions d'application concrète de la politique de la monarchie, tiraillée entre deux principes d'organisation spatiale: la trame administrative des intendances et la géographie mouvante des activités industrielles et commerciales."

MONOD, PAUL KLEBER. The Power of Kings: Monarchy and Religion in Europe, 1589–1715. New Haven: Yale UP.

Review: A. Hamilton, TLS 5072 (Jun 16 2000), 30. Monod traces the changes in European monarchy that came with the Protestant Reformation and the Catholic reaction. As the monarch came to rule over people of different faiths, he had to become "a far more public and visiblECreature than he had been before." Monod "makes abundant use of iconographical sources." A book which is "highly informative and, especially in the treatment of underrated or misjudged sovereigns, such as Louis XIII or Philip II, most perceptive."

Review: n.a. in VQR, 76.2 (spring 2000), 44: "In this comprehensive work, Monod explores the relationship between the decline of mysticism in Christianity and the shift of European political ideology from belief in the divine authority of monarchs to the view of rulers as mortal servants of the state. It is a compelling parallel logically presented and argued, but its development is often weighted down with superfluous quotes and repetitive justifications."

Review: E. Peters in Choice 37.6 (2000), 1163: Monod examines "thECreation of the rational state in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries by the transformation of kingship from a mediating role between the divine and human to the morally self-disciplined sovereign acting according to the principles of natural reason." Covers Europe from Spain to Russia.

MONTANDON, ALAIN, éd. Bibliographie des traités de savoir-vivre en Europe du moyen-âge à nos jours. 2 vols. Clermont-Ferrand: Faculté des Lettres et Sciences Humaines, 1995.

Review: F. Lebsanft in ZRP 115 (1999), 710–712: Extensive bibliography of particular use for researchers of all aspects (anthropological, historical, for example) of civilization. Vol. 1 includes France.

MONTER, WILLIAM. Judging the French Reformation: Heresy Trials by Sixteenth-Century Parlements. Harvard UP, 1999.

Review: M. E. Wiesner in Choice 37, 11/12 (2000), 2044: Examines the prosecution of heresy by the French parlements during the period from 1523 to 1560. Based on thorough archival research, the author sets "the story within the context of criminal justice and political developments in France and the persecution of heretics elsewhere in Europe," and argues that the trials declined with the spread of Calvinism.

MORICEAU, JEAN-MARC. L'Elevage sous l'Ancien Régime: les fondements agraires de la France moderne, XVIe–XVIIIe siècles. Paris: Sedes, 1999.

Review: BCLF 619 (2000), 947: Un appareil critique solide "facilite une double lecture, continue et informative, mais aussi de recherche documentaire. En bref, il s'agit d'un ouvrage tout à fait exceptionnel combinant au plus haut niveau didactique et agrément."

MUKERJI, CHANDRA. Territorial Ambitions and the Gardens of Versailles. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997.

Review: A. Thornton in FS 54.1 (2000), 81–2: This work makes an important contribution to many areas of French studies. "Mukerji's purpose is to transform our perception of the gardens of Versailles, rescue the garden from the margins of history, deepen our understanding of the politics of state formation in seventeenth-century France, and improve social theory through the study of material culture, but beyond all this her book leaves the reader feeling personally enlightened and enriched."

MULDOON, JAMES. Empire and Order: the Concept of Empire, 800–1800. Macmillan, UK/St. Martin's, 1999.

Review: K.F. Drew in Choice 37. 6 (2000), 1163: Refutes the notion that the "medieval concept of empire as a universal Christian society is in sharp contrast with the modern concept of the sovereign nation-state." Muldoon demonstrates that "there was no single idea of empire in the Middle Ages but that interpretations ranged from the concept of a universal society to the assertion that a king was an emperor in his own kingdom."

NORA, PIERRE, et al. Realms of Memory: The Construction of the French Past, v. III: Symbols. Ed. Lawrence D. Kritzman, trans.Arthur Goldhammer. New York: Columbia UP, 1998.

Review: J.D Popkin in ECr 39 (1999), 94–95: Not a strict translation of the original French version, the volume (as well as previous ones—"Conflicts" and Traditions") reorganizes the essays, "conveying a different message from the French version"(95). Despite some lack of coherence, this translation project is a boon to English language readers.

NORDMAN, DANIEL. Frontières de France. De l'espace au territoire XVIe–XIXe siècle. Paris: Gallimard, 1998.

Review: R. Morrissey in Critique 632–633 (2000), 116–125: Nordman studies the evolution of French "limites" through case studies of Alsace, the Pyrénées, the Lorraine, and the Nord. Morrissey notes that "la démarche de l'historien D. Nordman consiste à suivre, à décrire, et à documenter ce processus par lequel un ensemble de savoirs, de théories, et de pratiques se libèrent de l'emprise de l'histoire."

PARMENTIER, BÉRENGÈRE. "Arts de parler, arts de faire, arts de plaire. La publication des normes éthiques au XVIIe siècle." Littératures Classiques 37 (1999), 141–154.

Study of the relationship between literature and works whose purpose is to educate and form "les moeurs et les manières," in order to provide an overview of the "normes par lesquelles les lecteurs sont invités à transformer leurs conduites, à travers l'examen de tous les ouvrages qui contiennent le mot art entre 1600 et 1699, dans les catalogues de la Bibliothèque Nationale."

PERESZLENYI-PINTER, MARTHA. "Pearls and the Profession of 'Fabricante de Fausses Perles' in the Seventeenth Century." CdDS 7.2 (2000), 149–58.

Explores the pearl's dual nature as a symbol of purity and eroticism, especially with respect to fashion. Also looks at women artisans who worked in the manufacture of pearls.

PETARD, MICHEL. Des Sabres et des épées. T. 1, Troupes à cheval de Louis XIV à l'Empire; T. 2, Troupes à cheval de l'Empire à nos jours. Nantes: Editions du cannonier, 1999.

Review: BCLF 621 (2000), 1317–18: "M. Pétard a voulu opérer une mise au point et une synthèse des connaissances des chercheurs, réaliser un guide pratique, maniable et à la portée de tous, capable de contenter autant le non-initié que le professionnel. Il a pleinement réalisé son dessein, selon un plan d'une parfaite logique: d'une part, troupes à cheval, d'autre part, troupes à pied, plan qui permet de répartir dans ces deux cadres toutes les spécialités de l'armée française."

POLAVARUM, SUKUMARI. The Commerce of Curiosity: Seventeenth-Century French Travel Accounts of India. DAI (1999).

Diss. explores how travel accounts promoted commercial opportunities on the subcontinent. Also discusses how meanings of the term "curiosity" changed from negative to positive in travel documentation.

PORTEMAN, KAREL. Emblematic Exhibitions (affixiones) at the Brussels Jesuit College (1630–1685): A Study of the Commemorative Manuscripts (Royal Library, Brussels). Trans.Anna Simoni: Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols, 1996.

Review: S. Sider in RenQ 51 (1998), 1369–70: Accompanied by a CD-ROM and 24 pages of color plates, Porteman's study focuses on 45 manuscripts with a wide variety of iconographic references. S. suggests a number of possible scholarly treatments of this material including the "study of the multivalent nature of symbolism throughout the seventeenth century" (1369). Reviewer awaits an iconographic index for the CD-ROM and details computer requirements for the interested user. Important for "the many connections between the Jesuit College and public festivities in the city of Brussels" (1369).

POUSSOU, JEAN-PIERRE. "Les Villes françaises: conceptions et réalisations, du XVIIe siècle à la fin du XIXe." TraLit 12 (1999), 9–22.

Inaugural lecture of ADIREL's tenth anniversary colloque (1997), "Architectes et architecture dans la littérature française." Presents from an historical perspective, the evolution of the French city, distinguishing between "la culture savante" and "la vie réelle des citadins" (10). Insists on importance of l'Edit de 1607.

PURKISS, DIANE. The Witch in History: Early Modern and Twentieth-Century Representations. London and New York: Routledge, 1996.

Review: B. P. Levack in RenQ 51 (1998), 655–657: Focuses on witchcraft in England by analyzing witchcraft narratives. "Purkiss . . . both a feminist historian and a feminist literary critic, is herself critical of 'histories' of witchcraft written by radical feminists, modern day witches, and academic historians"(655). Reviewer says that instead Purkiss "welcomes . . . a popular, non-academic feminist history that abandons 'masculine' empiricism . . . and gives free rein to feminist imagination" (655). Purkiss's analysis is based in part on depositions from witchcraft trials or confessions of witches. Another valuable section deals with English dramatic works on the theme.

Review: P. Corbin in Archiv 236 (1999), 152–54: Brings historical perspective to this "area of deep and contentious argument" in recent criticism. Argues that becoming a witch and narrating one's story" is a positive statement" (reviewer). Reviewer finds study engaging and far ranging, if less than persuasive.

PUZELAT, MICHEL. La Vie rurale en France: XVIe–XVIIe siècle. Paris: Sedes, 1999.

Review: BCLF 620 (2000), 1194–95: "Au cours des trois siècles considérés, l'économie française est essentiellement rurale et c'est sur cette base que la société a établi son organisation et ses activités, son tissu social, sa mentalité et ses valeurs. L'argumentation passe donc par une étude de l'espace rural et de sa géographie et par l'organisation civile et religieuse du pouvoir, de la propriété seigneuriale avec la justice et l'économie." Documentation solide et variée. "Une chronologie, un glossaire et une bibliographie offrent à l'étudiant aussi bien qu'au pédagogue ou à tout lecteur avide de culture historique, sociologique et humaine une base de connaissances et un cadre de travail."

REMER, GARY. Humanism and the Rhetoric of Toleration. University Park: Pennsylvania State UP, 1996.

Review: J. H. M. Salmon in RenQ 51 (1998), 658–659: Appreciates the "exactitude" of Remer's treatment of rhetoric and its relevance to toleration. Remer's work "sheds new light on the way some particular minds, trained in classical rhetoric, contributed to the debate on toleration"(659). 17th c. French scholars will note the inclusion of Pierre Bayle but Michel de l'Hôpital is omitted (658–659). Praised for showing that "it was not the deliberative, forensic or epideictic aspects of rhetoric that fostered tolerant attitudes, but rather the rhetorical mode of conversation which . . . explore[d] all sides of an issue"(658).

RIETBERGEN, PETER. Europe. A Cultural History. London and New York: Routledge, 1998.

Review: P. Thody in JES 29 (1999), 97–99: "Professor Rietbergen sets out to define European culture, from the appearance of Neanderthal to the lyrics of Iron Maiden and Sting." Thody finds book full of "banalities."

ROUDAUT, FRANÇOIS, ed. Sources et fontaines du Moyen Âge à l'âge baroque. Actes du colloque tenu à l'Université Paul-Valéry (Montpellier III) les 28, 29, et 30 novembre 1996. Paris: Champion, 1998.

Review: J. Koopmans in FS 54.2 (2000), 203: Ces vingt-quatre études abordent le phénomène de l'eau sous différents angles: 《 avant tout littéraire pour le Moyen Âge, également historique et hydraulique pour la Renaissance, religieuse et musicale de surcroît pour l'ère baroque, les sources et fontaines y apparaissent comme objet d'une fascination particulière. 》

Review: M. Stanesco in RLC 293.1 (janvier-mars 2000), 102–103: The medieval imaginary presents a variety of fountains: magical, theophanic, enchanted by fairies, diabolic. In the Renaissance, fountains become places of spiritual and sensual pleasures. In the baroque age, the fountain is essentially a machine. The authors treat the fountain as an architectural embellishment at Saint Germain and Versailles. They also study it as a literary instance in the poetry of Georges de Scudéry and the Amours de Psyché et de Cupidon of La Fontaine.

ROUX, ANTOINE DE. Villes neuves. Urbanisme classique. Paris: Rempart/Desclée de Brouwer, 1997.

Review: G. Barot in DSS 204 (1999), 557–558: De Roux argues that the development of new cities between 1560–1700 played an important role in the rise of modern urbanism in France. Reviewer commends de Roux's comprehensive treatment of the subject which includes discussion of Italian, Spanish, and French antecedents, historical context, technological constraints and innovations, and the social and economic environment (e.g., demographic evolution, workers' housing). Reviewer lauds as well author's treatment of the largely anonymous ingénieurs du Roy and the leaders and architects at the forefront of the movement.

SABATIER, GERARD. Versailles ou la Figure du roi. Paris: Albin Michel, 1999.

Review: BCLF 621 (2000), 1413–14: Sabatier "procède à une longue étude de l'art et de la symbolique de Versailles, dans laquelle il fait alterner les séquences 'événementielles' — notamment sous les titres 'Le roi de paix' et 'Le roi de guerre'— et les classiques explications de chefs-d'oeuvre telles que les pratiquent les spécialistes d'histoire de l'art. Il se refuse à voir dans Versailles 'le palais du Soleil', et ne veut le considérer que 'le mémorial de Louis XIV'." On note "l'érudtion considerable" mais aussi "un excès de démonstration."

SAHLINS, PETER. Frontières et identités nationales. La France et l'Espagne dans les Pyrénées depuis le XVIIe siècle. Paris: Blin, 1996.

Review: R. Morrissey in Critique 632–633 (2000), 125–131: Sahlins presents an anthropology-influenced study of the Cerdagne region on the Pyrenee border between France and Spain. Morrissey comments that "la bonne nouvelle que nous apporte Sahlins réside dans l'aptitude qu'ont les individus et les collectivités à jongler avec des identités, qui, au début, peuvent paraître bien arbitraires."

SALAZAR, PHILIPPE-JOSEPH. "La société des amis: éléments d'une théorie de l'amitié intellectuelle." DSS 205 (1999), 581–592.

Salazar argues for the crucial role of amitié in relationships between thinkers, concluding that they tried to balance "une volonté 'logique' d'effet politique et un désir 'éthique' de reconnaissance amicale . . . mélange difficile de persuasion selon la raison et de persuasion selon la confiance."

SCHNEIDER, ZOE A. "Women before the Bench: Female Litigants in Early Modern Normandy." FHS 23.1 (2000), 1–32.

Schneider examines the relationships between women and the state as revealed in a series of court cases before the benches of local bailliages, vicomtés and high justices in Normandy between 1680 and 1745. She notes a significant number of the total cases were brought by women during this period, and focuses on the "legal strategies they used to extend their control over property and family." In spite of the decline of female power in both royal law and political theory, these Norman cases reveal that women continued to be judged by provicial customary laws in local courts, which allowed them to "use the judicial system creatively to exceed the apparent limits of the law."

SCOTT, KATIE and GENEVIEVE WARWICK, eds. Commemorating Poussin: Reception and Interpretation of the Artist. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1999.

Review: A. Colantuono, in Burlington Magazine 1170 (2000), 572: From lectures given to celebrate the 400th anniversary of the artist's birth. K. Scott's introductory essay explores the history of efforts to commemorate Poussin. C. Dempsey then looks at the Ecstasy of Saint Paul as "a form of 'mute theology,'" while two essays, by T. Puttfarken and G. Warwick, follow A. Blunt's arguments to contradictory conclusions as to whether Poussin meant to be an art theorist. T. Olson examines Poussin's development in political terms; C. notes, "Olson's purely materialist rationale seems inappropriate to Poussin." Also included is an essay by M. Kitson, to whose memory the work is dedicated, in which he too examines Blunt's influence on Poussin studies.

SGARD, JEAN, ed. Dictionnaire des journalistes: 1600–1789. 2 vol. Oxford: Voltaire Foundation, 1999.

Review: BCLF 613 (1999), 1997–98: Huit cent dix notices biographiques "toutes composées suivant la même grille: état civil, formation, carrière, fortune, opinions, activités journalistiques, publications, bibliographie" dans "ce superbe ouvrage de référence."

Review: G. Lewis in TLS 5033 (Sep 17 1999), 26. An "outstanding contribution to research on ancien régime cultural history." Each entry is divided into eight sections: social background, education, career, income, political and religious beliefs, contributions to journals, other publications, and a brief bibliography. Treats "professional" journalists such as Théophraste Renaudot, but also "tous ceux qui ont exercé les fonctions d'informateurs, dECritiques, de médiateurs."

SHARNOVA, ELENA. "A Newly Discovered 'Justice of Trajan' from the Second School of Fontainebleau." Burlington Magazine 1166 (2000), 288–291.

Proposes that Ambroise Dubois painted the recently restored "Justice of Trajan," a rare example of painting from the Fontainebleau school in the late 1500s - early 1600s.

SOMMERVILLE, MARGARET R. Sex and Subjection: Attitudes to Women in Early Modern Society. London: Arnold, 1995.

Review: C. Jordan in RenQ 51 (1998), 661–662: Highly praised as "challenging," "magisterial," "thoroughly researched," "essential reading for anyone interested in early modern culture," Sommerville's volume treats women and property, adultery, fornication, the marriage vows, and doctrine (philosophical and religious) on women's status or "natural inferiority"(661). Reviewer makes the point that "context is [in addition to theory] crucially determinative"(661) and reminds of the "mutability of theory"(662).

TANSEY, JOEL AND KIKI GOUNARIDOU. "The Fouquet Affair: The Politics of Patronage in Theatre and Painting under Louis XIV." SCN 57 (1999), 1–9.

Threatened with losing their livelihood, artists and writers experienced a crisis following Fouquet's disgrace. Some succumbed to the pressure to please a new patron, Louis XIV; others resisted directly or indirectly. Authors discuss allegories of clemency in Villedieu's play Le Favori and Le Brun's painting Alexander at the Tent of Darius.

TIMMERMANS, LINDA. L'Accès des femmes à la culture (1598–1715). Un débat d'idées de Saint François de Sales à la Marquise de Lambert. Paris: Champion, 1993.

Review: M. Maistre-Welch in CdDS 7.2 (2000), 281–85: Highly favorable evaluation which reviewer calls, "une étude monumentale sur l'état de la culture féminine en un siècle riche en controverses féministes." Reviewer applauds the depth of Timmermans' research, which is mirrored in her focus on both "le domaine profane et le domaine religieux."

TRICAUD, Marie Rose. Le Château d'Assier à l'époque de Maynard. CM 20 (2000), 120–31 + 6ff.

Virtual reconstruction, in minute detail, of the early 16th C. building, from contemporary documents and from M's writings. Situates it in the context of other chateaux, like Azay, Blois, Chambord, et al., and traces its development through 1768 when much of it was sold to builders. Evokes the "joyeuse société" and its life style which so attracted M. in 1636–46. Copiously annotated and illustrated.

UNGLAUB, JONATHAN. "Poussin's Purloined Letter." BM 142 (1162), 35–9.

A study of Poussin's tendency to paraphrase or copy, from identifiable textual sources, many of the theoretical statements in his correspondence as well as in the 'Osservazioni sopra la pittura.' Unglaub concurs that the private nature of much of Poussin's writings make this practice relatively harmless, but points out that "in at least one instance, Poussin indulged his tendency to 'plagiarize', and did so in an official capacity", when in 1641 he copied an entire dedication for a frontispiece to an edition of Virgil from the earlier dedication of a series of etchings illustrating Tasso's Gerusalemme liberata by Antonio Tempesta to Don Taddeo Barerini, merely translating it from Italian into French.

VERGE-FRANCESCHI, MICHEL. Chronique maritime de l'Ancien Régime (1492–1792), Préface del'amiral Jean-Charles Lefebvre. Paris: Sedes, 1998.

Review: BCLF 611–612 (1999), 1958: "Une chronologie claire, un texte ou deux et parfois une iconographie illustrent chaque année ou chaque groupe d'années."

VIDAL, LAURENT et EMILIE D'ORGEIX. Les Villes françaises du Nouveau Monde: Modèles, projets et expériences (XVIIe–SVIIIe siècles). Pref. DeClaude Belot etde Martine Acerra. Paris: Somogy, 1999.

Review: BCLF 622 (2000), 1543: "Au sein de la Nouvelle-France (de Terre-Neuve à La Nouvelle-Orléans) comme aux Antilles et en Guyane, partout domine l'idée de la ville régulière, aux voies symétriquement disposées, saine et facile à protéger. Au terme de cet 'essai d'inventaire' des créations françaises, l'ouvrage présente une série de portraits d'ingénieurs du roi actifs au Nouveau Monde: Jean-Joseph Verguin, Gaspard-Joseph Chaussegros de Léry, Amédée-François Frézier (plus connu pour ses écrits théoriques), François Blondel et Jean-Baptiste Franquelin."

VILLAIN, JEAN. La fortune de Colbert. Préface dePierre Chaunu.Avant-propos deFrançoise Bayard. Paris: Comité pour l'histoire économique et financière, Ministère de l'Economie, 1994.

Review: K. Malettke in HZ 265 (1997), 785–87: Important both for the light it sheds on Colbert and for its contribution to the history of France as a country. Offers numerous correctives to modern research. Praised for attention to archives and the multifaceted and rich examination of the central subject of inquiry.

VINCENT, MONIQUE. Mercure Galant—Table analytique contenant tous les articles, 1672–1710. Paris: Champion, 1998.

Review: N. Grande in RHL 100 (2000), 321: Work republishes some 20,000 articles that appeared during the Mercure's twenty-eight year existence. The articles are organized according to theme, and deal with 1) public life, i.e., wars, religion, and justice, and 2) private life, i.e., births, deaths, and marriages, and 3) artistic and intellectual issues.

WILLIAMS, GERHILD SCHOLZ. Defining Dominion: The Discourses of Magic and Witchcraft in Early Modern France and Germany. Ann Arbor: U of Michigan P, 1995.

Review: B. P. Levack in RenQ 51 (1998), 655–657: Reviewer finds it "misleading"(657) to accept, as Williams does, the Malleus as "the gauge for judging orthodoxy in witch beliefs"(135) from the 15th to late 18th c. Levack would have appreciated further development on Jean Bodin and Pierre de Lancre.

WOLFE, MICHAEL, ed. Changing Identities in Early Modern France. Durham, NC: Duke UP, 1996.

Review: D. P. McKay et al. in RenQ 51 (1998), 729–730: Considers French identity during period from beginning of the Hundred Years' War to the consolidation of the Bourbon monarchy. Divided into 3 sections: "Ideologies and Institutions," "Dissent and Deviance," and "Identities in Flux," volume is a diverse contribution as well as authoritative (729).

ZAIMOVA, RAIA, ed. Correspondance consulaire des ambassadeurs de France à Constantinople, 1668–1708. Inventaire analytique des articles A.E. [Affaires étrangères] BI 365 à 385. Paris: Archives Nationales, 1999.

Review: BCLF 671 (2000), 254: "Or, comme les ambassadeurs de France à Constantinople remplissaient en même temps les fonctions de consuls généraux, leur correspondance est particulièrement intéressante; elle est indispensable à tout chercheur qui étudie l'histoire des relations entre la France et la Porte au XVIIe siècle."

ZANGER, ABBY. Scenes from the Marriage of Louis XIV: Nuptial Fictions and the Making of Absolutist Power. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1997.

Review: M.-C. Canova-Green in MLR 94. 4 (1999), 1104: "Perceptive and challenging" analysis that enriches our understanding of seventeenth-century political symbolism in France.

Review: L. C. Seifert in ECr 39 (1999), 163–164: Praiseworthy as "an important and fascinating contribution" to a previously neglected area. Informed by "anthropological theory, psychoanalysis and the history of the book, " Zanger's "exemplary" interdisciplinary work makes a "forceful argument not only for revamping the ' two-body' theory of kingship elaborated by Kantorowicz and Giesy, but also for opening new perspectves on queenship in early modern France" (163,164).

Review: M. Harp in SCN 57 (1999), 165–167: Reviewer describes this as a "highly detailed study" of selected almanacs, pamphlets, fireworks display and literary texts (Corneille's La Toison d'or and Scudéry's Célinte) produced at time of Louis' marriage. "Zanger's principal argument asserts that during this period of emerging royal authority and waning war these popular texts and presentations, while heralding the marriage and the peace which it brought, also served to contain and ultimately control the royal and public anxiety of the treaty marriage." The reviewer finds Zanger's arguments "carefully presented and well articulated" but contends that they are "not always convincing for the more traditional scholar." The reviewer takes issue with the "Freudian perspective" that "too often limits interpretation to the sexual, not allowing for perhaps more straightforward significance." The reviewer nonetheless credits Zanger with giving the reader "a good sense of the momentous nature of this treaty and resultant marriage for Europe, both historically and culturally."

Review: R. Abad in DSS 208 (2000), 533–535: Unlike most previous analyses of the king's body which focus on the post-1661 period, Zanger argues for the relevance of "nuptial fictions"— representations of the bodies of the young king and the new queen—to any complete understanding of absolutist ideology. Zanger's corpus includes a variety of discursive forms produced at the time of the royal marriage: almanachs, engravings, pamphlets destined for a wide audience, a text devoted to a fireworks display, and literary works including Corneille's Conquête de la Toison d'Or and Scudéry's Célinte. Abad summarizes, "A la logique d'unicité et de substitution [the model advanced by Kantorowicz and his successors], il faudrait ajouter, lors des cérémonies de mariage, une logique de multiplicité et d'association, qui reposerait sur les corps du roi et de la reine." The reviewer notes that Zanger's approach, which draws from the diverse methods of anthropology, sociology, philosophy, psychoanalysis and literary theory, "peut produire, selon le cas, des résultats intéressants, insolites ou contestables." He takes issue with "la recherche perpétuelle de comportements refoulés, de symboles cachés ou de jeux de mots signifiants" which, he contends, "débouche parfois sur une frénésie interprétive irritante."

ZINGUER, ILANA and HEINZ SCHOTT, eds. Systèmes de pensée précartésiens: Etudes d'après le Colloque international organisé à Haïfa en 1994. Paris: Champion, 1998.

Review: D. P. McKay et al. in RenQ 51 (1998), 1080–81: Reviewer gives a complete list of these "wide-ranging essays which explore the significance of these [pre-cartesian] ways of thinking in the areas of medicine and alchemy, the arts and literature, and philosophy" (1080).

ZOBERMAN, PIERRE. "Le lieu de l'altérité dans l'éloquence d'apparat" in L'autre au XVIIe siècle. Ed. Ralph Heyndels and Barbara Woshinsky. Tübingen: Biblio 17, 117 (1999) 223–235.

How the discourse on the absolute Otherness of the Sun King is paradoxically constructed with the help of figures which emphasize relation, opposition, comparison.